Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity and metabolic syndrome represent a clustering of at least three out of five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL - good cholesterol). Lifestyle factors, including easy access to high-caloric, low-nutrient-dense foods and physical inactivity, play a significant role in the development of metabolic syndrome. Childhood obesity, often stemming from early exposure to such lifestyle habits, is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Psychosocial stress has also been implicated as a contributing factor.

A key indicator of metabolic syndrome is central obesity, characterized by visceral or male-pattern adiposity. Treatment primarily revolves around lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise. Additionally, newer anti-obesity medications can be beneficial for significant weight reduction. Effective management of obesity and metabolic syndrome not only leads to weight loss but also reduces the risk of developing diabetes, stroke, and other obesity-related complications.