Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 diabetes primarily affects children and adolescents. This condition arises from an autoimmune response, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Consequently, individuals with type 1 diabetes experience a deficiency in insulin, leading to elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). In severe cases, absolute insulin deficiency can precipitate diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and breathlessness. Managing type 1 diabetes necessitates lifelong insulin therapy and regular screening for diabetes-related complications. Dr. Prashant Gaikwad provides specialized counseling for parents and adolescents, focusing on treatment strategies, complication prevention, diabetes self-management, and education.

Type 2 Diabetes: Formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, type 2 diabetes is a prevalent form of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar levels, insulin resistance, and a relative lack of insulin. Symptoms of type 2 diabetes may include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, unexplained weight loss, increased hunger, tingling sensations, and slow-healing wounds. While symptoms often develop gradually, long-term complications associated with elevated blood sugar levels can be severe, including heart disease, strokes, diabetic retinopathy leading to blindness, kidney failure, and peripheral artery disease necessitating amputations. Although ketoacidosis is rare in type 2 diabetes, the sudden onset of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state may occur. Dr. Prashant Gaikwad emphasizes lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise and a balanced diet, alongside appropriate medications, for managing type 2 diabetes effectively. Additionally, comprehensive diabetes care includes screening for complications and implementing preventive measures.